Contents
Index

- # $ % .  :   @  _  =  +
A B CDE FGH IJK LMN OPQ RST UVW Y

-

- as prefix character

 

 

#

#, for comments

 

 

$

$% variables
$%, variables, automatic
$(%D) variables
$(%D) variants
$(%F) variables
$(%F) variants
$(*D) variables
$(*D) variants
$(*F) variables
$(*F) variants
$(?D) variables
$(?D) variants
$(?F) variables
$(?F) variants
$(@D) variables
$(@D) variants
$(@F) variables
$(@F) variants
$(ˆD) variables
$(ˆD) variants
$(ˆF) variables
$(ˆF) variants
$(+D) variables
$(+F) variables
$(<D) variables
$(<D) variants
$(<F) variables
$(<F) variants
$(addprefix prefix, names...)
$(addsuffix suffix, names...)
$(basename names...)
$(dir names...)
$(filter pattern ...,text)
$(filter-out pattern ...,text)
$(findstring find,in)
$(firstword names...)
$(join list1, list2)
$(notdir names ...)
$(patsubst pattern, replacement, text)
$(sort list)
$(strip string)
$(subst from, to, text)
$(suffix names ...)
$(wildcard pattern)
$(word n, text)
$(words text)
$* variables
$*, automatic variable
$? variables
$?, automatic variable
$@ variables
$@, automatic variable
$@, for varying commands
$ˆ variables
$ˆ, automatic variable
$+ variables
$+, automatic variable
$< variables
$<, automatic variable

 

 

%

% character
% character
% in pattern rules

 

 

.

.c file
.DEFAULT

   (See also Defining last-resort default rules, Implicit rule search algorithm.)
.EXPORT_ALL_VARIABLES

   (See also Communicating variables to a sub-make.)
.IGNORE
.PHONY

   (See also Phony targets, Arguments to specify the goals.)
.POSIX

   (See also Communicating options to a sub-make.)
.PRECIOUS

   (See also Interrupting or killing make.)
.SILENT
.SUFFIXES

   (See also Catalogue of implicit rules, Summary of options, Old-fashioned suffix rules.)

:

:=, for simply expanded variables

 

 

@

@ as prefix character

 

 

_

__.SYMDEF

 

 

+

+ as prefix character
+ with $
+=, appending values to variables

 

 

=

=, for setting variable values

 


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A

A simple makefile
aborting execution of make

   (See also Errors in commands.)
addprefix
addsuffix
Advanced features for reference to variables
advanced features of variables
all
all target
An introduction to makefiles
Another style of makefile
Appending more text to variables
ar program

   (See also ar in Using binutils and Archive members as targets.)
AR variable
architecture-independent files
archive file symbol tables
archive files
archive-maintaining program
archive member
archive member target
archive suffix rules
Archive members as targets
ARFLAGS variable
Arguments to specify the goals
Arguments to specify the makefile
AS variable
ASFLAGS variable
assembler
assembler programs
--assume-new= option
--assume-new=file option
--assume-old=file option
automatic
Automatic variables
  (See also Quick reference, Features of GNU make,

  Writing shell commands with directory search,
  Communicating variables to a sub-make,
  Communicating options to a sub-make,
  How to use variables.)
Avoiding recompilation of some files


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B

-b option
backslashes

   (See also Command execution, Using wildcard characters in file names,
   Writing rules, The vpath directive, Setting variables.)
basename
bash script
Basics of variable references
bindir
Bison

   (See also Standard targets for users, Variables for specifying commands.)
BISONFLAGS
braces, unmatched
Broken pipe signal
BSD

   (See also Features of GNU make.)
buffer.h
bugs, reporting
built-in expansion functions
built-in implicit rules

   (See also Catalogue of implicit rules, Using implicit rules,
   Variables Used by implicit rules.)


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C

C compilation
-C option
C preprocessor

   (See also Features of GNU make.)
C programs
C++ programs
Canceling implicit rules
canned sequence
Catalogue of implicit rules
CC variable
CFLAGS
Chains of implicit rules
check
check target
child processes
clean

   (See also Arguments to specify the goals.)
clean target
clobber
CO variable
COFLAGS variable
command
Command echoing
Command execution
command line

   (See also Writing the commands in rules.)
command sequence, defining
command.h
command.o
command-line options
commands, echoing
commands, empty
commands, errors
comments
Communicating options to a sub-make
Communicating variables to a sub-make
compilation errors
compilation-and-linking
COMPILE.c
COMPILE.x
compiler switches
compiling
compiling a program, testing
Complex makefile example
Computed variable names
conditional
conditional example
conditional execution
Conditional parts of makefiles
conditional syntax
Conditionals that test flags
configure
conventions for writing the makefiles
CPP variable
CPPFLAGS
CPPFLAGS variable
csh script
CTANGLE variable
CWEAVE variable
CXX variable
CXXFLAGS variable


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D

-d option
Dangers when using archives
datadir
--debug option
default
define (See also Appending more text to variables, Defining variables verbatim.)
Defining and redefining pattern rules
Defining canned command Sequences
Defining last-resort default rules
Defining variables verbatim
defs.h
dependencies

   (See also Another style of makefile, Searching directories for dependencies,
   VPATH: search path for all dependencies, Rule syntax, Automatic variables,
   Multiple rules for one target.)
dep-patterns
dir

   (See also Functions for file names, Quick reference.)
--directory option

   (See also Features of GNU make.)
Directory search and implicit rules
Directory search for link libraries
directory, rules for cleaning
directory, specifying
dist

   (See also Standard targets for users, Complex makefile example.)
dist target
distclean
distclean target
documentation
dollar signs

   (See also Automatic variables.)
Double-colon rules
   (See also How makefiles are remade.)
double-suffix
--dry-run option

   (See also Summary of options.)
dvi target

 


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E

-e flag
-e option
echo command
echoing
edit

   (See also Variables make makefiles simpler.)
editor
EFL programs
else

   (See also Quick reference.)
Emacs’ compile command
Emacs’ M-x compile command
empty command

   (See also empty commands.)
empty strings
Empty target files to record events
endef

   (See also The override directive, Quick reference.)
endif

   (See also Syntax of conditionals, Quick reference.)
environment
environment variable
environment variables
--environment-overrides option
Errors in commands
Example of a conditional
exec_prefix variable
executable
executables
exit status
exit status of make
explicit dependencies
explicit rules
export
export directive (See also Variables from the environment.)

 


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F

-f option
F variants
-f, or --file for naming makefile
fatal error
FC variable
Features of GNU make
FFLAGS variable
file
file name endings
file names
file, reading
filter
findstring
firstword
FLAGS
FORCE
foreach
foreach function
Fortran programs
function references
Function call syntax
Functions for file names
Functions for string substitution and analysis
Functions for transforming text

 


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G

General conventions for makefiles
Generating dependencies automatically
GET variable
GFLAGS variable
goals

 


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H

-h option
--help option
How make processes a makefile
How makefiles are remade
How patterns match
How the MAKE variable works
How to read this documentation
How to run make
How to use variables
How variables get their values

 


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I

-I dir option
-i option
IEEE Standard 1003.2-1992

   (See also Features of GNU make and Overview of make.)
ifdef

   (See also Quick reference.)
ifeq

   (See also Quick reference.)
ifndef

   (See also Quick reference.)
ifneq

   (See also Quick reference.)
--ignore-errors

   (See also Summary of options.)
implicit intermediate files
Implicit rule for archive member targets
Implicit rule search algorithm
Implicit rules
include
-include directive
include directive
includedir
--include-dir
--include-dir=dir option
includes
Including other makefiles
Incompatibilities and missing features
info target
infodir

   (See also Variables for installation directories.)
initial values of variables
insert.c
insert.o
install

   (See also Variables for specifying commands, Variables for installation directories.)
install target
INSTALL_DATA
INSTALL_PROGRAM
installcheck target
installdirs target
Instead of executing the commands
intermediate file
Interrupting or killing make
Introduction to pattern rules
invariant text

 


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J

--jobs, for simultaneous commands
jobs, running
join
--just-print option
--just-print, or -n

 


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K

-k option
kbd.o
--keep-going

   (See also Summary of options, Testing the compilation of a program.)
killing the compiler
ksh script

 


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L

-l [load] option
last-resort implicit rule
LDFLAGS
LDFLAGS variable
Letting make deduce the commands
Lex for C programs
Lex for Ratfor programs
LEX variable
LFLAGS variable
libdir
libexecdir
libraries
library archive, updating
library dependencies
linker

   (See also Catalogue of implicit rules, Variables for specifying commands.)
Lint Libraries from C, Yacc, or Lex programs
Linux
ln utilities
--load-average[=load] option
localstatedir

 


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M

-m option
main.c
main.o

   (See also Generating dependencies automatically.)
maintainer-clean target
MAKE
make commands, recursive
make options
MAKE variable
MAKE variables
make with no arguments
make, invoking recursively
make, modifying
make, recursive invocations
make, running
make, version number
MAKE_VERSION
makefile
Makefile commands
Makefile conventions
makefile, example
makefile, naming

   (See also What name to give your makefile.)
makefile, overriding another makefile
makefile, using variables for object files
--makefile=file option
MAKEFILES

   (See also Features of GNU make.)
MAKEFILES variables
makefiles, debugging
makefiles, what they contain
MAKEFLAGS
MAKEFLAGS variables
MAKEINFO variable
MAKELEVEL
MAKELEVEL variables
MAKEOVERRIDES
man1dir
man1ext
man2dir
man2ext
mandir
manext
Match-anything pattern rules
match-anything rules
matching
--max-load option
--max-load[=load] option
member name
mk program
modified references
Modula-2 programs
mostlyclean
mostlyclean target
multiple -C options
multiple members in a archive file
Multiple rules for one target
Multiple targets in a rule
mv utilities

 


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N

-n flag
-n option

   (See also Summary of options.)
name patterns
nested references
nested variable reference
nests of recursive make commands
new jobs commands
--new-file= option
--new-file=file option
--no-builtin-rules option
--no-keep-going option
--no-print-directory option
--no-print-directory, disabling
notdir

 


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O

-o file option
object file

   (See also Summary of options.)
object file names
objects
old files
Old-fashioned suffix rules
--old-file option
--old-file=file option
oldincludedir
options variable
origin

   (See also Quick reference.)
origin function
output, understanding easier
OUTPUT_OPTION
Overriding part of another makefile
override

   (See also Quick reference.)
override directive
Overriding variables
Overview of make

 


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P

-p option
Parallel execution
parallelism
parentheses

  (See also Basics of variable references.)
parentheses, unmatched
Pascal compilation
Pascal programs
passing down variables
patsubst

   (See also Features of GNU make, Quick reference.)
pattern matches
Pattern rule examples
PC variable
PFLAGS variable
Phony Targets
   (See also Features of GNU make.)
Pitfalls of using wildcards
POSIX.2 standard
predefined implicit rules
predefined rules
prefix variable
PREPROCESS.S
PREPROCESS.x
preprocessor
print commands
Problems and bugs
punctuation

 


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Q

-q option

   (See also Summary of options.)
question mode
Quick reference
--question option

   (See also Summary of options.)
--quiet option

 


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R

-r option
ranlib
Ratfor programs
RCS
RCS or SCCS files
RCS rules, terminal
realclean
recompilation

   (See also How make process a makefile.)
recompiling
--recon option
recursion

   (See also Features of GNU make, Recursive use of make,
   The Two flavors of variables.)
Recursive use of make
redefinition
relinking
remaking target files
RFLAGS variable
rm utilities
RM variable
rm, errors
rule
rule chaining
Rule syntax
Rules for cleaning the directory
Rules without commands or dependencies
rules
rules for make
run-yacc

 


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S

-s option
sbindir
SCCS files
SCCS or RCS files
search paths
Searching directories for dependencies
Setting Variables
sh script
shar

   (See also Quick reference.)
sharedstatedir
SHELL

   (See also Quick reference, Summary of options.)
shell file
shell function
SHELL variable
SHELL variables
--silent
--silent option
simply expanded variables
single-suffix rule
sort
source files
spaces

   (See also Functions for string substitution and analysis.)
Special Built-in target names
srcdir
Standard targets for users
Static pattern rules
Static pattern rules versus implicit rules
stem

   (See also How patterns match, Syntax of static pattern rules.)
--stop option
strip
sub-make
subst function
Substitution references
substitution variable reference
suffix
suffix list
Suffix rules for archive files
suffix rules

   (See also Variables used by implicit rules, Chains of implicit rules.)
suffix rules, old-fashioned
SUFFIXES variables
Summary of options
SVR4
symbol names
syntax error
Syntax of conditionals
Syntax of static pattern rules
sysconfdir
System V

 


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T

-t option

   (See also Summary of options.)
tab character
tabs, unallowed
TAGS

   (See also Standard targets for users.)
TANGLE variable
tar
target empty commands
target file, modified
target pattern

   (See also Summary of options, Syntax of static pattern rules, Automatic variables.)
targets, required
temp
terminal rules
test
Testing the compilation of a program
TEX
TEX and Web
TEX variable
TEXI2DVI
TEXI2DVI variable
Texinfo
text manipulation functions
The foreach function
The function, wildcard
The origin function
The override directive
The '--print-directory' option
The shell function
The two flavors of variables
The variable, MAKEFILES
The vpath directive
touch command

   (See also Empty target files to record events.)
--touch option

   (See also Summary of options.)
transitive closure

 


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U

Ultrix
Updating archive symbol directories
Using empty commands
Using implicit rules
Using make to update archive files
Using wildcard characters in file names
Utilities in makefiles

 


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V

-v option
Variables for installation directories
Variables for specifying commands
Variables from the environment
Variables make makefiles simpler
Variables used by implicit rules
--version option
VPATH: search path for all dependencies

 


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W

-W file option
-W option

   (See also Summary of options.)
warning messages
--warn-undefined-variables option
WEAVE variable
--what-if= option
--what-if=file option
What a rule looks like
What makefiles contain
What name to give your makefile
whitespace
Wildcard examples
wildcards
word
Writing makefiles
Writing rules
Writing shell commands with directory search
Writing the commands in rules


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Y

YACC variable
YACCR variable
YFLAGS variable

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