Compaq Fortran
User Manual for
Tru64 UNIX and
Linux Alpha Systems

M
-m option (cpp)
Machine-code output listing
general description
-machine_code option
Main program
C language
f90 option for #1
f90 option for #2
fort option for
statements for
make
options related to
makefile
example of using
malloc library routine
man command
f90(1)
fort(1)
viewing routine reference pages
Manual optimization
balancing the workload
interchanging loops
MASTER directive #1
MASTER directive #2
Master thread
Math Libraries Web site
-math_library accurate option
-math_library fast option
effect of -fast option
effect on -fpen option
MAX extension
MAXREC specifier
See also Language Reference Manual
Memory
allocating and freeing virtual (library routine)
for intermediate storage
Message catalog
file
location of
transporting
Message Passing Interface (MPI) #1
Message Passing Interface (MPI) #2
Message Passing Interface (MPI) #3
Messages
driver-related errors
issued by compiler
general description
limiting the number
language dialects and standards checking
linking #1
linking #2
run-time format
run-time messages
list, numeric order
transporting message file
See also Warning messages
severity
meaning to run-time system
Mixed real/complex operation
-mixed_str_len_arg option #1
-mixed_str_len_arg option #2
Module file
-module option
MODULE statement #1
MODULE statement #2
MODULE statement #3
See also Language Reference Manual
Module variables
accessing in Ladebug
Modules #1
Modules #2
compiler use of process descriptor limit
declaration example
example compilation
file name suffix
files created and used by compiler
.mod file suffix
See also Language Reference Manual
subprogram
to contained subprograms
use association
-mp option #1
-mp option #2
-mp option #3
mpc_destroy library routine
mpc_in_parallel_region library routine
mpc_maxnumthreads library routine
mpc_my_threadnum library routine
mpc_numthreads library routine
MPI
See Message Passing Interface (MPI)
mp_chunk_size environment variable
MP_SCHEDTYPE directive #1
MP_SCHEDTYPE directive #2
MP_SCHEDTYPE option
for PDO directive
mp_spin_count environment variable
mp_stack_size environment variable
mp_thread_count environment variable
mp_yield_count environment variable
Multimedia instructions extension
Multiple thread locking routines
N
Name length, symbolic
maximum
NAME specifier
See also Language Reference Manual
Named common blocks
Privatizing #1
Privatizing #2
Namelist I/O statements #1
Namelist I/O statements #2
See also Language Reference Manual
-names keyword options
NaN values (IEEE)
representation in Alpha floating-point data
See also ISNAN intrinsic
Natural alignment
Natural ascending storage order
Natural storage order
.NE. operator
See Language Reference Manual
-nearest_neighbor option
Nested parallel region
Nesting limits
source code
nlspath environment variable
NLSPATH environment variable
use by RTL
nm command
use in locating undefined symbols
NML specifier
See also Language Reference Manual
-noextend_source option
-nof66 option
-nof77 option
-nofor_main option #1
-nofor_main option #2
-noi4 option
-noinclude option #1
-noinclude option #2
-noinclude option #3
-noinclude option #4
-noinline option #1
-noinline option #2
Nonadvancing I/O
-non_shared option #1
-non_shared option #2
-nopad_source option
-norun option
not function
.NOT. operator
See Language Reference Manual
NOWAIT clause
for END DO directive
for END SECTIONS
for END SINGLE
NOWAIT option
for END PDO directive #1
for END PDO directive #2
-nowarn option
-nowsf_main option
-no_archive option (ld)
and creating shared libraries
-no_fp_reorder option
Numeric range
See Data type
Numerical data
output of
O
.o file suffix
-o option #1
-o option #2
and creating shared libraries
effect of -c option
-o output option
-o0 option
-o1 option
-o2 option
-o3 option
-o4 or -o option
-o5 option
Object file
and cDEC$ directives
contents #1
contents #2
directory used
effect of -gn option on size
effect of -on options on size
effect of optimization level on size #1
effect of optimization level on size #2
effect of optimization level on size #3
linker order of loading
linking
multiple input files and options
naming #1
naming #2
nonshared optimizations
obtaining information about
options controlling size of
passing directly to ld (example)
prevent creation of
recognized file name suffix
renaming
retaining #1
retaining #2
retaining #3
used to create a shared library #1
used to create a shared library #2
used to create a shared library #3
Object library
See Shared library; Archive library
-old_f77 option
-om option #1
-om option #2
-omp option #1
-omp option #2
-omp option #3
omp_destroy_lock library routine
omp_dynamic environment variable
omp_get_dynamic library routine
omp_get_max_threads library routine
omp_get_nested library routine
omp_get_num_procs library routine
omp_get_num_threads library routine
omp_get_thread_num library routine
omp_init_lock library routine
omp_in_parallel library routine
omp_nested environment variable
omp_num_threads environment variable #1
omp_num_threads environment variable #2
omp_schedule environment variable
omp_set_dynamic library routine
omp_set_lock library routine
omp_set_nested library routine
omp_set_num_threads library routine
omp_test_lock library routine
omp_unset_lock library routine
-on (optimization) options #1
-on (optimization) options #2
additional global
automatic inlining
effect of -g options
effect of -gen_feedback option
global
local
-onetrip option
OPEN statement #1
OPEN statement #2
access mode
ACCESS specifier #1
ACCESS specifier #2
ACTION specifier
APPEND specifier
ASSOCIATEVARIABLE specifier
BLANK specifier
effect of -vms option
BLOCKSIZE specifier #1
BLOCKSIZE specifier #2
BUFFERCOUNT specifier #1
BUFFERCOUNT specifier #2
CARRIAGECONTROL specifier #1
CARRIAGECONTROL specifier #2
effect of -vms option
CONVERT specifier #1
CONVERT specifier #2
CONVERT specifier #3
CONVERT specifier #4
CONVERT specifier #5
DEFAULTFILE specifier #1
DEFAULTFILE specifier #2
DEFAULTFILE specifier #3
DEFAULTFILE specifier #4
DEFAULTFILE specifier #5
defaults
converting nonnative data
pathname used #1
pathname used #2
See also Language Reference Manual
units for preconnected files
DELIM specifier
directory and file name defaults
DISPOSE specifier #1
DISPOSE specifier #2
effect of opening previously open file
effect of -vms option
environment variables
effect of -vms option
ERR specifier
example
example
file organization
importance of specifying
FILE specifier #1
FILE specifier #2
FILE specifier #3
FILE specifier #4
FILE specifier #5
example
file status
FORM specifier #1
FORM specifier #2
I/O statement interdependencies
implied and explicit file open
importance of examining defaults
importance of specifying record type
interdependencies of file and directory
IOSTAT specifier
example
MAXREC specifier
NAME specifier
obtaining file descriptor (library routine)
opening file with user-supplied function (USEROPEN)
ORGANIZATION specifier #1
ORGANIZATION specifier #2
PAD specifier
with fixed-length records
POSITION specifier #1
POSITION specifier #2
READONLY specifier
RECL specifier #1
RECL specifier #2
excluding overhead bytes
obtaining value for unformatted files
option to specify units
performance considerations
specifying for fixed-length records #1
specifying for fixed-length records #2
units
units for unformatted files
record length #1
record length #2
RECORDSIZE specifier
RECORDTYPE specifier #1
RECORDTYPE specifier #2
See also Language Reference Manual
SHARED specifier #1
SHARED specifier #2
specifiers for efficient I/O #1
specifiers for efficient I/O #2
specifiers identifying
error handling capabilities
file access and position
file and record characteristics
file and unit
file close action
record transfer characteristics
STATUS specifier #1
STATUS specifier #2
SCRATCH value
summary of specifiers
TYPE specifier
UNIT specifier #1
UNIT specifier #2
UNIT specifier #3
UNIT specifier #4
USEROPEN specifier #1
USEROPEN specifier #2
using preconnected files
open system call
example USEROPEN function (C)
using to open file
OPENED specifier
See also Language Reference Manual
OpenMP
conditional compilation
conditional compilation prefixes
fixed source form
free source form
specification
OpenMP directives
OpenMP parallel directives
ATOMIC #1
ATOMIC #2
BARRIER #1
BARRIER #2
CRITICAL #1
CRITICAL #2
CRITICAL #3
CRITICAL #4
DO #1
DO #2
DO #3
END CRITICAL #1
END CRITICAL #2
END DO #1
END DO #2
END MASTER #1
END MASTER #2
END ORDERED #1
END ORDERED #2
END PARALLEL #1
END PARALLEL #2
END PARALLEL #3
END PARALLEL DO #1
END PARALLEL DO #2
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #1
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #2
END SECTIONS #1
END SECTIONS #2
END SINGLE
FLUSH #1
FLUSH #2
format
MASTER #1
MASTER #2
ORDERED #1
ORDERED #2
PARALLEL #1
PARALLEL #2
PARALLEL #3
PARALLEL #4
PARALLEL DO #1
PARALLEL DO #2
PARALLEL SECTIONS #1
PARALLEL SECTIONS #2
prefixes
fixed source form
free source form
SECTION #1
SECTION #2
SECTIONS #1
SECTIONS #2
SINGLE #1
SINGLE #2
summary descriptions
THREADPRIVATE #1
THREADPRIVATE #2
THREADPRIVATE #3
THREADPRIVATE #4
OpenMP run-time library routines
reference page listing
OpenVMS Fortran
and Compaq Fortran record types
options for VAX compatibility (f90)
porting code
porting data
Operations
mixed real/complex
Operators
arithmetic
for efficient run-time performance
See also Language Reference Manual
Optimization #1
Optimization #2
additional global
and performance measurement
automatic inlining
code hoisting
code replication to eliminate branches
common subexpression elimination
compile-time operations
constant pooling
controlling procedure inlining
data flow and split lifetime analysis
dead code
dead store elimination (unused variables)
effect on
compilation time
debugging
floating-point calculations
for parallel HPF programs
for specific Alpha processor generation #1
for specific Alpha processor generation #2
global #1
global #2
implied DO loop collapsing #1
implied DO loop collapsing #2
inline expansion
inlining procedures #1
inlining procedures #2
instruction scheduling #1
instruction scheduling #2
instruction scheduling #3
instruction scheduling #4
interprocedure analysis
level
summary of options for controlling
limiting loop unrolling #1
limiting loop unrolling #2
linker
local #1
local #2
loop blocking #1
loop blocking #2
loop blocking #3
loop distribution #1
loop distribution #2
loop distribution #3
loop fusion #1
loop fusion #2
loop fusion #3
loop interchange #1
loop interchange #2
loop interchange #3
loop outer loop unrolling #1
loop outer loop unrolling #2
loop scalar replacement #1
loop scalar replacement #2
loop transformation #1
loop transformation #2
loop transformation #3
loop unrolling
loops #1
loops #2
loops #3
math library use
mixed real/complex operations
multiplication and division expansion
of loops
of multiple source files
effect of -c option
of statement functions and intrinsics
options for
summary
outer loop unrolling
overview of levels
register use
removal optimizations
reordering floating-point operations
scalar replacement
setting options with -fast
software pipelining #1
software pipelining #2
software pipelining #3
source code guidelines for (check list)
speculative execution
summary of levels
summary of -o options
to reduce program size (space optimizations) #1
to reduce program size (space optimizations) #2
-tune option #1
-tune option #2
using correct options with multiple input files #1
using correct options with multiple input files #2
using dummy aliases
value propagation
OPTIONS statement #1
OPTIONS statement #2
OPTIONS statement #3
See also Language Reference Manual
specifying unformatted file floating-point format
or function
Order of subscript progression
in I/O
ORDERED clause
for DO directive
ORDERED directive #1
ORDERED directive #2
ORDERED option
for PDO directive
ORGANIZATION specifier #1
ORGANIZATION specifier #2
See also Language Reference Manual
Orphaned directives
otsgetmaxthreads library routine
otsgetnumthreads library routine
otsgetthreadnum library routine
otsinitparallel library routine
otsinparallel library routine
otsstopworkers library routine
Outer loop unrolling
Output files
changing output file names (f90)
created by f90
naming (f90)
Output listing #1
Output listing #2
compilation-summary section
machine-code section
options for #1
options for #2
options for #3
Overflow
Overhead
record
Overriding implicit synchronization
P
-p option
-p option (cpp)
-p0 option #1
-p0 option #2
-p1 and -p option
PAD specifier
See also Language Reference Manual
Padding source records
-pad_source option
Page fault
and temporary storage
Parallel compiler directives
ATOMIC #1
ATOMIC #2
BARRIER #1
BARRIER #2
BARRIER #3
BARRIER #4
binding rules checking
CHUNK #1
CHUNK #2
COPYIN
CRITICAL #1
CRITICAL #2
CRITICAL #3
CRITICAL #4
CRITICAL SECTION #1
CRITICAL SECTION #2
DO #1
DO #2
DO #3
DOACROSS #1
DOACROSS #2
END CRITICAL #1
END CRITICAL #2
END CRITICAL SECTION #1
END CRITICAL SECTION #2
END DO #1
END DO #2
END MASTER #1
END MASTER #2
END ORDERED #1
END ORDERED #2
END PARALLEL #1
END PARALLEL #2
END PARALLEL #3
END PARALLEL #4
END PARALLEL DO #1
END PARALLEL DO #2
END PARALLEL DO #3
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #1
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #2
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #3
END PARALLEL SECTIONS #4
END PDO #1
END PDO #2
END PSECTIONS #1
END PSECTIONS #2
END SECTIONS #1
END SECTIONS #2
END SINGLE
END SINGLE PROCESS #1
END SINGLE PROCESS #2
FLUSH #1
FLUSH #2
INSTANCE
INSTANCE PARALLEL #1
INSTANCE PARALLEL #2
INSTANCE PARALLEL #3
INSTANCE SINGLE
MASTER #1
MASTER #2
MP_SCHEDTYPE #1
MP_SCHEDTYPE #2
ORDERED #1
ORDERED #2
PARALLEL #1
PARALLEL #2
PARALLEL #3
PARALLEL #4
PARALLEL #5
PARALLEL DO #1
PARALLEL DO #2
PARALLEL DO #3
PARALLEL DO #4
PARALLEL SECTIONS #1
PARALLEL SECTIONS #2
PARALLEL SECTIONS #3
PARALLEL SECTIONS #4
PDO #1
PDO #2
PDONE #1
PDONE #2
PSECTIONS #1
PSECTIONS #2
SECTION #1
SECTION #2
SECTION #3
SECTION #4
SECTIONS #1
SECTIONS #2
SINGLE #1
SINGLE #2
SINGLE PROCESS #1
SINGLE PROCESS #2
summary descriptions
TASKCOMMON #1
TASKCOMMON #2
TASKCOMMON #3
THREADPRIVATE #1
THREADPRIVATE #2
THREADPRIVATE #3
THREADPRIVATE #4
Parallel construct
PARALLEL directive #1
PARALLEL directive #2
PARALLEL directive #3
PARALLEL directive #4
PARALLEL directive #5
COPYIN clause #1
COPYIN clause #2
COPYIN option
DEFAULT clause #1
DEFAULT clause #2
DEFAULT option
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #1
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #2
FIRSTPRIVATE option
IF clause
LOCAL option
PRIVATE clause #1
PRIVATE clause #2
PRIVATE option
REDUCTION clause #1
REDUCTION clause #2
SHARED clause #1
SHARED clause #2
SHARED option
PARALLEL DO directive #1
PARALLEL DO directive #2
PARALLEL DO directive #3
PARALLEL DO directive #4
COPYIN clause #1
COPYIN clause #2
COPYIN option
DEFAULT clause #1
DEFAULT clause #2
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #1
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #2
FIRSTPRIVATE option
LASTLOCAL option
LASTPRIVATE clause #1
LASTPRIVATE clause #2
LOCAL option
PRIVATE clause #1
PRIVATE clause #2
PRIVATE option
REDUCTION clause #1
REDUCTION clause #2
REDUCTION option
SHARED clause #1
SHARED clause #2
SHARED option
Parallel execution
directives #1
directives #2
directives #3
for multiple compile units
KAP for Compaq Fortran
options for HPF programs
requesting directed decomposition #1
requesting directed decomposition #2
thread model #1
thread model #2
using directed decomposition
Parallel HPF and Non-Parallel HPF Code, calling between
Parallel library routines #1
Parallel library routines #2
OpenMP Fortran API run-time
reference page listing
_ots and mpc_ threads routines
Parallel processing
thread model
Parallel programming environment
Parallel region #1
Parallel region #2
Parallel region #3
Parallel regions
debugging
Parallel run-time
library routines
PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #1
PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #2
PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #3
PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #4
COPYIN clause #1
COPYIN clause #2
COPYIN option
DEFAULT clause #1
DEFAULT clause #2
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #1
FIRSTPRIVATE clause #2
FIRSTPRIVATE option
LASTPRIVATE clause #1
LASTPRIVATE clause #2
LOCAL option
PRIVATE clause #1
PRIVATE clause #2
PRIVATE option
REDUCTION clause #1
REDUCTION clause #2
SHARED clause #1
SHARED clause #2
Parallel threads routines
PARAMETER statements, alternative syntax for
Parentheses in expressions
maximum allowed
Pathname
absolute
application of defaults
directory
effect of DEFAULTFILE specifier
I/O statements default use #1
I/O statements default use #2
in I/O statements
OPEN statement specifiers #1
OPEN statement specifiers #2
relative
setting environment variables for
tilde character (~) #1
tilde character (~) #2
tilde character (~) #3
PDO directive #1
PDO directive #2
BLOCKED option
CHUNK option
FIRSTPRIVATE option
LASTLOCAL option
LOCAL option
MP_SCHEDTYPE option
ORDERED option
PRIVATE option
REDUCTION option
PDONE directive #1
PDONE directive #2
Performance
arithmetic operators and run-time performance
array use efficiency #1
array use efficiency #2
-assume dummy_aliases option
checking
for unaligned data
process limits #1
process limits #2
choosing optimal record type
compilation #1
compilation #2
compilation times and optimization levels
controlling procedure inlining
cord and feedback files
data alignment efficiency
data types and run-time performance #1
data types and run-time performance #2
DO loop coding and run-time performance
effect of formatted files on run-time performance
equivalence and run-time performance
feedback files
-fp_reorder option
internal subprograms and run-time performance
limiting loop unrolling
measuring
optimized programs
using shell commands
mixed data type operations and run-time performance
nonshared object optimizations #1
nonshared object optimizations #2
OPEN statement specifiers for efficient I/O
optimization for Alpha processor generation #1
optimization for Alpha processor generation #2
optimization levels
options
controlling
alignment
dummy aliases
floating-point calculations
parallel execution #1
parallel execution #2
parallel execution #3
for run-time efficiency
nonshared object optimizations
related to
math library use
profiling
related to profiling #1
related to profiling #2
that improve performance
that slow performance
profiling code
basic block sampling
call graph information
PC sampling
source line sampling
realistic measurements
record I/O buffers
redirecting scrolled output and run-time performance
reordering floating-point operations
run-time
I/O efficiency
source code guidelines for run-time efficiency
statement functions and run-time performance
timing
using routines #1
using routines #2
using routines #3
using shell commands
perror library routine #1
perror library routine #2
-pg option
Physical record
physical_to_abstract library routine
-pipeline option
pixie command
for basic block sampling
for source line sampling
related f90 options
use with f90
use with feedback files
-pixie option
with prof command
Platform labels
Pointers
C language
effect of explicit interface
passed between Compaq Fortran and C #1
passed between Compaq Fortran and C #2
passing as arguments
passing between C and Compaq Fortran
See also Language Reference Manual
use with Compaq Fortran 77
POSITION specifier #1
POSITION specifier #2
See also Language Reference Manual
Preconnected files
OPEN statement
Prefetch instructions
Prefixes
Compaq Fortran parallel directives
OpenMP conditional compilation
fixed source form
free source form
OpenMP directives
Preprocessor
improving run-time performance
See also cpp preprocessor
See also fpp preprocessor
See also KAP preprocessor
Preprocessor symbols
defining
undefining
PRINT statement
See also Language Reference Manual
printenv command (shell)
viewing environment variables
PRIVATE clause
for DO directive #1
for DO directive #2
for PARALLEL directive #1
for PARALLEL directive #2
for PARALLEL DO directive #1
for PARALLEL DO directive #2
for PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #1
for PARALLEL SECTIONS directive #2
for SECTIONS directive #1
for SECTIONS directive #2
for SINGLE directive #1
for SINGLE directive #2
using to resolve dependences
PRIVATE option
for PARALLEL directive
for PARALLEL DO directive
for PARALLEL SECTIONS directive
for PDO directive
for PSECTIONS directive
for SINGLE PROCESS directive
Privatizing named common blocks #1
Privatizing named common blocks #2
Procedure
types of subprograms
Procedure interface
argument passing rules
array arguments
C language main program
-nofor_main option
changing default passing mechanisms #1
changing default passing mechanisms #2
Compaq Fortran 77 and Compaq Fortran
passing arguments
Compaq Fortran and C #1
Compaq Fortran and C #2
Compaq Fortran and C #3
Compaq Fortran descriptor format
Compaq Fortran subprograms
explicit
implicit
module
modules
pointer arguments
procedure interface block #1
procedure interface block #2
See also Language Reference Manual
types of subprograms
Procedures
analyzing performance
inlining #1
inlining #2
inlining #3
inlining #4
inlining #5
inlining #6
compiling multiple files
See also Language Reference Manual
use in debugging
Process control
library routines #1
library routines #2
Process information
returning (library routine) #1
returning (library routine) #2
returning (library routine) #3
returning (library routine) #4
Process limits
checking
increasing file descriptor limit
increasing stack size
prof command
for basic block sampling
for PC sampling
for source line sampling
options to limit report contents
related f90 options
use with f90
use with feedback files
profdir environment variable
Profiling code
basic block sampling
call graph information
Compaq Tru64 UNIX tools
options related to #1
options related to #2
PC sampling
source line sampling
timing program execution
using routines #1
using routines #2
using shell commands
with f90
Program
compiling #1
compiling #2
compiling #3
compiling #4
parallel execution
KAP preprocessor
related HPF command-line options
running
section
See also Executable programs
size
dividing large source programs (fsplit)
effect of -call_shared option
effect of optimization levels
insufficient virtual memory run-time error
limitations
process stack size
space optimizations
terminating (library routine)
threaded execution
related command-line options #1
related command-line options #2
transportability
See Compatibility
units
creating modules for
Program counter sampling
PROGRAM statement #1
PROGRAM statement #2
See also Language Reference Manual
Program transportability
PSECTIONS directive #1
PSECTIONS directive #2
FIRSTPRIVATE option
LOCAL option
PRIVATE option
-pthread option
putc library routine