 Options |
-
Options are processed in command line order. Any option you specify on
the command line remains in effect until it is explicitly changed by specifying
the option again with a different effect.
Import options can appear on the command line or in your
X resources file. See X(1). Options on the command line supersede
values specified in your X resources file.
 -adjoin |
-
join images into a single multi-image file.
-
By default, all images of an image sequence are stored in the same file.
However, some formats (e.g. JPEG) do not support more than one image and
are saved to separate files. Use +adjoin to force this behavior.
| -cache
threshold |
-
megabytes of memory available to the pixel cache.
-
Image pixels are stored in memory until 80 megabytes of memory have been
consumed. Subsequent pixel operations are cached on disk. Operations to
memory are significantly faster but if your computer does not have a sufficient
amount of free memory you may want to adjust this threshold value.
| -border |
-
include image borders in the output image.
-
The color of the border is obtained from the X server and is defined
as bordercolor (class borderColor). See X(1) for details.
| -colors
value |
-
preferred number of colors in the image.
-
The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
but never more. Note, this is a color reduction option. Images with less
unique colors than specified with this option will have any duplicate or
unused colors removed. Refer to quantize for
more details.
Note, options -dither, -colorspace, and -treedepth
affect the color reduction algorithm.
| -colorspace
value |
-
the type of colorspace: GRAY, OHTA, RGB,
Transparent,
XYZ,
YCbCr, YIQ, YPbPr,
YUV, or CMYK.
-
Color reduction, by default, takes place in the RGB color space. Empirical
evidence suggests that distances in color spaces such as YUV or YIQ correspond
to perceptual color differences more closely than do distances in RGB space.
These color spaces may give better results when color reducing an image.
Refer to quantize for more details.
The Transparent color space behaves uniquely in that it preserves
the matte channel of the image if it exists.
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this
option to take effect.
| -comment
name |
-
annotate an image with a comment.
-
By default, each image is commented with its file name. Use this option
to assign a specific comment to the image. Optionally you can include the
image filename, type, width, height, or other image attribute by embedding
special format characters:
%b file size
%c comment
%d directory
%e filename extention
%f filename
%h height
%i input filename
%l label
%m magick
%n number of scenes
%o output filename
%p page number
%q quantum depth
%s scene number
%t top of filename
%u unique temporary filename
%w width
%x x resolution
%y y resolution
\\n newline
\\r carriage return
For example,
-
-comment "%m:%f %wx%h"
-
produces an image comment of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an image
titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and height is 480.
-
If the first character of string is @, the image comment
is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
| -compress
type |
-
the type of image compression: None, BZip, Fax,
Group4,
JPEG,
LZW, RunlengthEncoded or Zip.
-
Specify +compress to store the binary image in an uncompressed format.
The default is the compression type of the specified image file.
| -crop
<width>x<height>{+-}<x
offset>{+-}<y offset>{%} |
-
preferred size and location of the cropped image. See X(1) for details
about the geometry specification.
-
To specify a percentage width or height instead, append %. For example
to crop the image by ten percent on all sides of the image, use -crop
10%.
-
Use cropping to apply image processing options to, or display, a particular
area of an image.
-
Omit the x and y offset to generate one or more subimages of a uniform
size.
-
Use cropping to crop a particular area of an image. Use -crop 0x0
to trim edges that are the background color. Add an x and y offset to leave
a portion of the trimmed edges with the image.
| -delay
<1/100ths
of a second\>x<seconds> |
-
display the next image after pausing.
This option is useful for regulating the display of the sequence
of images. 1/100ths of a second must expire before the display of
the next image. The default is 6/100th of a second between each frame of
the image sequence. The second value is optional. It specifies the number
of seconds to pause before repeating your animation sequence.
| -density
<width>x<height> |
-
vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image.
-
This option specifies an image density when decoding a PostScript
or Portable Document page. The default is 72 pixels per inch in the horizontal
and vertical direction. This option is used in concert with -page.
| -density
<width>x<height> |
-
vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image.
-
This option specifies an image density when decoding a PostScript
or Portable Document page. The default is 72 pixels per inch in the horizontal
and vertical direction.
| -descend |
-
obtain image by descending window hierarchy.
| -display
host:display[.screen] |
-
specifies the X server to contact. This option is used with convert for
obtaining image or font from this X server. see X(1).
| -dispose
method |
-
GIF disposal method.
-
Here are the valid methods:
0 No disposal specified.
1 Do not dispose between frames.
2 Overwrite frame with background color from header.
3 Overwrite with previous frame.
| -dither |
-
apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image.
-
The basic strategy of dithering is to trade intensity resolution for spatial
resolution by averaging the intensities of several neighboring pixels.
Images which suffer from severe contouring when reducing colors can be
improved with this option.
-
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this option
to take effect.
-
Use +dither to render Postscript without text or graphic aliasing.
| -frame |
-
include window manager frame.
| -geometry
<width>x<height>{+-}<x
offset>{+-}<yoffset>{%}{!}{<}{>} |
-
the with and height of the image.
-
By default, the width and height are maximum values. That is, the image
is expanded or contracted to fit the width and height value while maintaining
the aspect ratio of the image. Append an exclamation point to the geometry
to force the image size to exactly the size you specify. For example, if
you specify 640x480! the image width is set to 640 pixels and height
to 480. If only one factor is specified, both the width and height assume
the value.
-
To specify a percentage width or height instead, append %. The image size
is multiplied by the width and height percentages to obtain the final image
dimensions. To increase the size of an image, use a value greater than
100 (e.g. 125%). To decrease an image's size, use a percentage less than
100.
Use > to change the dimensions of the image only if
its size exceeds the geometry specification. < resizes the image
only
if its dimensions is less than the geometry specification. For example,
if you specify 640x480> and the image size is 512x512, the image
size does not change. However, if the image is 1024x1024, it is resized
to 640x480.
| -interlace
type |
-
the type of interlacing scheme: None, Line, Plane,
or Partition. The default is None.
-
This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
formats such as RGB or YUV. None means do not interlace
(RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...), Line uses scanline interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...),
and Plane uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).
Partition
is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files
(e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).
-
Use Line, or Plane to create an interlaced GIF or
progressive
JPEG image.
| -label
name |
-
assign a label to an image.
-
Use this option to assign a specific label to the image. Optionally you
can include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image attribute
by embedding special format character. See -comment for details.
-
For example,
-
-label "%m:%f %wx%h"
-
produces an image label of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an image titled
bird.miff
and whose width is 512 and height is 480.
-
If the first character of string is @, the image label is
read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
-
When converting to PostScript, use this option to specify a header
string to print above the image. Specify the label font with
-font.
| -monochrome |
-
transform the image to black and white.
| -negate |
-
replace every pixel with its complementary color (white becomes black,
yellow becomes blue, etc.).
-
The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated. Use +negate
to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.
| -page
<width>x<height>{+-}<x
offset>{+-}<y offset>{%}{!}{<}{>} |
-
size and location of an image canvas.
-
Use this option to specify the dimensions of the
PostScript page
in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a Postscript
page are:
11x17 792 1224
Ledger 1224 792
Legal 612 1008
Letter 612 792
LetterSmall 612 792
ArchE 2592 3456
ArchD 1728 2592
ArchC 1296 1728
ArchB 864 1296
ArchA 648 864
A0 2380 3368
A1 1684 2380
A2 1190 1684
A3 842 1190
A4 595 842
A4Small 595 842
A5 421 595
A6 297 421
A7 210 297
A8 148 210
A9 105 148
A10 74 105
B0 2836 4008
B1 2004 2836
B2 1418 2004
B3 1002 1418
B4 709 1002
B5 501 709
C0 2600 3677
C1 1837 2600
C2 1298 1837
C3 918 1298
C4 649 918
C5 459 649
C6 323 459
Flsa 612 936
Flse 612 936
HalfLetter 396 612
-
For convenience you can specify the page size by media (e.g. A4, Ledger,
etc.). Otherwise, -page behaves much like
-geometry (e.g.
-page
letter+43+43>).
-
To position a GIF image, use -page{+-}<x offset>{+-}<y
offset> (e.g. -page +100+200).
-
For a Postscript page, the image is sized as in -geometry and positioned
relative to the lower left hand corner of the page by {+-}<xoffset>{+-}<y
offset>. Use
-page 612x792>, for example, to center the
image within the page. If the image size exceeds the Postscript page, it
is reduced to fit the page.
-
The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.
-
This option is used in concert with -density.
| -pointsize
value |
-
pointsize of the Postscript, X11, or TrueType font.
| -quality
value |
-
JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.
-
For the JPEG image format, quality is 0 (worst) to 100 (best). The default
quality is 75.
-
Quality for the MIFF and PNG image format sets the amount of image compression
(quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). Compression quality values
range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified
filter-type is used for all scanlines:
0: none
1: sub
2: up
3: average
4: Paeth
-
If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering
is used.
-
If filter-type is 6 or more, adaptive filtering with minimum-sum-of-absolute-values
is used.
-
The default is quality is 75. Which means nearly the best compression with
adaptive filtering.
-
For further information, see the
PNG
specification.
| -rotate
degrees{<}{>} |
-
apply Paeth image rotation to the image.
-
Use > to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the height.
<
rotates the image only if its width is less than the height. For
example, if you specify -90> and the image size is 480x640, the
image is not rotated by the specified angle. However, if the image is 640x480,
it is rotated by -90 degrees.
-
Empty triangles left over from rotating the image are filled with the color
defined as bordercolor (class
borderColor). See X(1)
for details.
| -scene
value |
-
number of screen snapshots.
-
Use this option to grab more than one image from the X server screen to
create an animation sequence.
| -screen |
-
This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap
the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other
popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.
| -screen |
-
operate silently, i.e. don't ring any bells.
| -transparent
color |
-
make this color transparent within the image.
| -treedepth
value |
-
Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A zero or one tells display
to choose an optimal tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.
-
An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure
the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter.
Refer to
quantize for more details.
-
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this option
to take effect.
| -type
type |
-
the image type:
Bilevel, Grayscale, Palette,
PaletteMatte, TrueColor, TrueColorMatte,
or ColorSeparation.
| -verbose |
-
print detailed information about the image.
-
This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
the image class (DirectClass or PseudoClass); the total number
of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform the image.
Refer to miff for a description of the image class.
| -window
id |
-
select window with this id or name.
-
With this option you can specify the target window by id or name rather
than using the mouse. Specify root to select X's root window as
the target window.
file specifies the image filename. If file is omitted, it
defaults to magick.miff. The default image format is MIFF. To
specify a particular image format, precede the filename with an image format
name and a colon (i.e. ) or specify the image type
as the filename suffix (i.e. image.jpg). See
Image
Formats Supported by ImageMagick for a list of valid image formats.
Specify file as - for standard output. If file has the
extension .Z or .gz, the file size is com pressed using with
compress
or gzip respectively. Precede t he image file name | to pipe to
a system command. If file already exists, you will be prompted as
to whether it should be overwritten.
Image manipulation software that works like magic.