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Oracle® Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1)

Part Number B28252-01
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10 Managing Oracle Software and Applying Patches

Oracle issues product fixes for its software called patches. When you apply the patch to your Oracle software installation, a small collection of files is replaced to fix certain bugs. OPatch is a utility supplied by Oracle that facilitates Oracle software patching.

A group of patches form a patch set. When you apply a patch set, many different files and utilities are modified. This results in a version change for your Oracle software, for example, from Oracle Database 11.1.0.1.0 to Oracle Database 11.1.0.2.0. To apply a patch set, use Oracle Universal Installer (OUI).

This chapter describes how to manage Oracle software and apply patches in Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) environments using Oracle Enterprise Manager and the OPatch utility.

This chapter includes the following sections:

See Also:

Configuring the Enterprise Manager Patch Interface

Enterprise Manager Database Control enables you to find the latest patch release on the OracleMetaLink Web site, and to download it to your Oracle home. There are two steps in configuring the Enterprise Manager Patch interface:

About OracleMetaLink Credentials

To download patches from OracleMetaLink using Enterprise Manager, you can give Enterprise Manager Database Control (Database Control) your login credentials so that it can log in to OracleMetaLink automatically and search for patch releases. You must set these credentials before you can run the Patch Wizard in Database Control.

Refer to Oracle Database 2 Day DBA for instructions on setting your OracleMetaLink credentials.

Running the Refresh_From_Metalink Job

After you have configured the OracleMetaLink credentials, you can create a job to search for critical patch advisories for your installed software.

To create a job to search for critical patch advisories on OracleMetaLink:

  1. On the Cluster Database Home page, scroll down to the section titled Critical Patch Advisories. Click RefreshFromMetalink.

    Description of patch1.gif follows
    Description of the illustration patch1.gif

    When you click this link, Enterprise Manager creates the Refresh_From_Metalink_Job job, and then displays the Job Activity page.

  2. On the Job Activity page, click Edit and then modify the scheduled execution time of the Refresh_From_Metalink_Job job to meet your business requirements. When finished, click Save.

  3. Select the Refresh_From_Metalink_Job job and click Create Like.

  4. Change the job name to Refresh_From_Metalink_Now, then click Schedule.

  5. Select Immediately for the start time.

  6. Select One Time Only for the Repeat interval, then click Submit and Save.

    The Job Activity page appears.

  7. Click REFRESH_FROM_METALINK_NOW.

    The Job Run: REFRESH_FROM_METALINK_NOW page is displayed.

  8. Refresh this page until the job status shows Succeeded.

  9. Click the Database tab in the upper right-hand corner to return to the Cluster Database Home page.

Obtaining the Patch

You obtain patches and patch sets from OracleMetaLink, which is the Oracle Support Services Web site, at

https://metalink.oracle.com

You can view available patch releases at OracleMetaLink by using Enterprise Manager. Viewing these updates is the first step in the Patch Wizard, which you can use to download the patch to your Oracle home.

To start the Patch Wizard Using Enterprise Manager:

  1. On the Cluster Database Home page, scroll down to the Instances section.

  2. Click the link for the first instance in your cluster, for example, sales.oracle.com_sales1.

    The Database Instance Home page for the sales1 instance appears.

  3. Select Software and Support at the top of the page.

  4. In the Database Software Patching section, click Apply Patch.

    The Select Patches page appears.

  5. Click Add Patch.

    The Search and Select Patches page appears.

  6. Select the Search Metalink option.

  7. Specify the Patch Type and Platform for your cluster, then click Go.

    The search results that match the criteria are displayed by the most recent patch (or patch set) at the top of the list.

  8. Select a patch and click View Details to view the patch details. Select a patch and click View ReadMe to view the README file for the patch, which includes a description of the bug fixes included in the patch and patch installation instructions. Return to the Patch Wizard by clicking the Patch locator link on the View Patch Details page.

  9. Select the patch you are interested in, or select the most recent patch set if you are doing a periodic software update, and then click Next.

    The Patch: Select Destination page appears.

  10. Select the targets to apply the patch to by moving the target names from the Available Targets list to the Selected Targets list, and then click Next.

    The Patch: Set Credentials page appears.

  11. In the Username and Password fields, enter the operating system user name and password to enable Enterprise Manager to stage the patch in your Oracle home directory. Enterprise Manager requires these credentials for job scheduling. After you have entered the operating system credentials for each selected node, click Next.

    The Patch: Stage or Apply page appears.

  12. Enterprise Manager downloads the patch to the directory that is listed in the main box. Typically, this location is an Oracle home subdirectory called EMStagedPatches/patchnumber.

    By default, Enterprise Manager only stages the patch. You can then manually apply the patch by following the directions given in the patch README file. The directions may include shutting down the database instances and your applications, or running scripts.

  13. (Optional) Select the Run Script to Apply Patch option to have Enterprise Manager apply the patch for you. If you choose this option, you must modify the script displayed on this page so that it performs all the actions specified in the patch release notes.

    Note:

    This step is supported only for databases that do not contain the Enterprise Manager repository or for patches that do not require the repository database to be shut down. For example, if you are applying a patch that affects only SQL*Loader, then you can use Enterprise Manager to apply the patch.
  14. When you are finished, click Next.

    The Patch: Schedule page appears.

  15. Specify the time when you want the patch to be downloaded from OracleMetaLink. If you selected the option Run Script to Apply Patch, then the patch apply script will run at this time. Click Next.

    The Patch: Summary page appears.

  16. Review the summary information on this page. If you need to modify any of the information displayed, click Back. When you are ready to submit the job, click Finish.

Preparing to Use OPatch

Before you apply the patch to your Oracle RAC database, your ASM installation, or to your Oracle Clusterware installation, there are a few steps to perform:

Checking the ORACLE_HOME Environment Variable

OPatch verifies if the Oracle home is present. You must ensure that the ORACLE_HOME environment variable is set to the Oracle home of the product you are trying to patch.

Check the respective vendor documentation for the details to set the environment variable.

To check the current setting of the ORACLE_HOME variable on Linux:

  1. In a command window, log in to the operating system as the oracle user.

  2. Use the echo command to display the current setting of the ORACLE_HOME environment variable.

    echo $ORACLE_HOME
    

Performing a Backup

It is highly recommended to back up the software directory you are patching before performing any patch operation. This applies to Oracle RAC, ASM, or Oracle Clusterware software installation directories.

To back up the software installation:

  1. Back up the software installed in the specified Oracle home using:

    1. An operating system utility, such as zip, cp -r, tar, or cpio, to back up the software in the Oracle home directory that is being patched to disk.

    2. The Oracle Secure Backup utility to back up the software in the Oracle home directory that is being patched to tape.

Staging the Patch on Each Node

If you use Enterprise Manager to download the patch, and you selected all the nodes in your cluster as targets for the patch, then the patch is automatically staged on those nodes.

If you manually downloaded the patch from OracleMetaLink, then you must copy the patch to each node.

Updating the PATH Environment Variable

The opatch binary file is located in the Oracle_home/OPatch directory. You can either specify this path when executing OPatch, or you can update the PATH environment variable to include the OPatch directory.

To update the PATH environment variable on Red Hat Linux systems:

  1. In a command window, log in to the operating system.

  2. Use a shell command similar to the following to update the value of the PATH environment variable, where /opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1 is the location of your Oracle home directory:

    $ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1/OPatch
    

    You could also modify the shell profile script for the current user to have this variable configured every time you log in.

Configuring SSH User Equivalency

Before you patch a system, make sure the user equivalency is working.

To test SSH user equivalency:

  1. On the system where you want to run OPatch, log in as the oracle user.

  2. Use the following command to test user equivalency:

    [oracle@docrac1] $ ssh docrac2 date
    

    If the date is returned, then user equivalency between the source and destination node has been configured.

  3. If you see output similar to the following, then SSH user equivalency is not enabled:

    Enter passphrase for key '/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa': 
    

    Enable SSH user equivalency before continuing with the patching operation.

To enable SSH user equivalency:

  1. On the system where you want to run OPatch, open a command window and log in as the oracle user.

  2. Start the SSH agent and load the SSH keys into memory using the following commands:

    $ /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL
    $ /usr/bin/ssh-add
    

    These commands start the ssh-agent on the local node, and load the RSA and DSA keys into the current session's memory so that you are not prompted to use pass phrases when issuing SSH commands.

  3. At the prompt, enter the pass phrase for each key that you generated when configuring Secure Shell, for example:

    [oracle@docrac1 .ssh]$ exec /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL
    [oracle@docrac1 .ssh]$ /usr/bin/ssh-add
    Enter passphrase for /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa
    Identity added: /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa)
    Identity added: /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa)
    
  4. To test if you have configured SSH correctly, run the following command. If you have configured SSH correctly, then you will not be prompted for a password or a pass phrase.

    [oracle@docrac1] $ ssh docrac2 date
    

Note:

Do not close this command window until you have completed the patch installation. If you must close the command window in which you enabled SSH user equivalency before the patch installation is complete, repeat Step 1 to Step 4 before starting the patch installation.

Applying Patches

Patching in an Oracle RAC environment is slightly different compared to patching a single node. If OPatch detects a cluster, it uses Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) to query the software inventory to find the local node name and node list.

Before you install a patch, you must stop all the applications running from the software directory that is being patched. In an Oracle RAC cluster, you may have to shut down additional applications, depending upon which software is being patched. Table 10-1 lists the applications to stop when patching Oracle software.

Table 10-1 Patching Oracle Home Directories

Oracle Home Directory Applications to Stop

Oracle RAC Database

Oracle RAC database, Enterprise Manager Database Control, listener, and any other applications that are running from the Oracle RAC home directory

ASM

Oracle RAC database, any single-instance databases that use the same ASM instance as the cluster database, listener (if running from the ASM home directory), ASM, and any other applications that are running from the ASM home directory

Oracle Clusterware

Oracle RAC database, any single-instance databases that use the same ASM instance as the cluster database, ASM, all node applications, Oracle Clusterware, and any other applications that are running from the CRS home directory


You can patch Oracle RAC in three different ways:

All Node Patching

In all node patching, all the nodes in the cluster are initially shut down and the patch is applied on all the nodes. After all the nodes have been patched, then all the nodeapps on the nodes are restarted. This method is typically used for very critical patches and it leads to maximum downtime. OPatch uses this method if the patch cannot be applied in a rolling fashion, and you did not specify the minimize_downtime option.

To implement all node patching:

  1. Stop all user applications that use the Oracle home directory.

  2. If you are patching only the Oracle RAC home directory, shut down all Oracle RAC instances on all nodes in the cluster. To shut down all Oracle RAC instances for a cluster database, enter the following command in a command window, where CRS_home is the location of the CRS home directory and sales is the name of the database:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl stop database -d sales
    
  3. If you are patching the ASM home or CRS home directory, stop all single-instance databases that are running on the group of nodes being patched if they use the ASM installation that you are patching.

  4. If you are patching the ASM home directory, stop all user applications that use the ASM home directory on the group of nodes being patched.

  5. If you are patching the ASM home or CRS home directory, you can use a single command to stop all the node applications on each node in the group. This command shuts down the Oracle RAC instances, the listener, the ASM instances, and the Oracle Clusterware node applications for the specified node. Use a command similar to the following, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation and node_name is the name of the node:

    $ CRS_home/crs/bin/srvctl stop nodeapps -n node_name
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the cluster.

    After you have stopped the nodeapps on each node in the cluster, use the crs_stat utility to verify that all the nodeapps were stopped on each node.

    $ CRS_home/bin/crs_stat -t
    
  6. If you are patching the CRS home directory, shut down the CRS daemons for all the nodes in the cluster by issuing the following command as the root user on each node, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    # CRS_home/bin/crsctl stop crs
    

    Repeat this command on each node in the cluster.

  7. Set your current directory to the directory where the patch is located, for example:

    $ cd Oracle_home/EMStagedPatches/4519934/4519934
    
  8. Make sure the ORACLE_HOME environment variable points to the software directory you want to patch, for example:

    $ echo $ORACLE_HOME
    /opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1
    
  9. Run OPatch by entering the following command:

    opatch apply
     
    
  10. If you applied the patch to the CRS home directory, restart the CRS daemons on all nodes by issuing the following command as the root user on each node, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    # CRS_home/bin/crsctl start crs
    

    Repeat this command on each node in the cluster.

  11. If you stopped the nodeapps on each node, after the patch has been applied, restart the nodeapps on all nodes. To start the nodeapps, enter a command similar to the following where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation and docrac1 is one of the nodes in your cluster:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n docrac1
     
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the cluster.

    After you have restarted the nodeapps on all nodes, use the crs_stat utility to verify that the nodeapps were restarted on each node.

    $ CRS_home/bin/crs_stat -t
    

    If any of the node applications did not restart, use the SRVCTL utility to restart them. For example, you can use commands similar the following to restart various node applications, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start instance -d sales -i "sales1"
    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start listener -n docrac1
    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start asm -n docrac1
     
    
  12. Run any post-patch scripts that are mentioned in the patch instructions, for example:

    $ sqlplus /nolog 
    SQL> connect sys/password@sales1 AS SYSDBA
    SQL> @Oracle_home/cpu/CPUOct2007/catcpu.sql
    SQL> @Oracle_home/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
    SQL> exit
    

Rolling Patching

In rolling patching, one group of nodes is shut down, the patch is applied to those nodes, and the nodes are brought back up. This is performed group by group, separately, until all the nodes in the cluster are patched. This is the most efficient means of applying an interim patch to an Oracle RAC, ASM, or Oracle Clusterware installation. By patching groups of nodes individually, there is zero downtime for the cluster database because at least one instance is available at all times on a different node.

While most patches can be applied in a rolling fashion, some patches cannot be applied in this fashion. The README file for the patch indicates whether or not you can apply the patch using the rolling patch method. If the patch cannot be applied using the rolling patch method, then you must use either "Minimum Downtime Patching" or "All Node Patching" to apply the patch.

To apply a patch using the rolling patch method:

  1. In a command window, change to the directory where the unzipped patch is staged on disk, for example:

    $ cd Oracle_home/EMStagedPatches/4519934/4519934
    
  2. Stop all user applications that use the Oracle RAC home directory for the group of nodes being patched. For example, to stop Enterprise Manager Database Control on the local node, use the following command, where Oracle_home is the home directory for your Oracle RAC installation:

    $ Oracle_home/bin/emctl stop dbconsole
    
  3. If you are patching the ASM home or CRS home directory, stop all single-instance databases that are running on the group of nodes being patched if they use the ASM software you are patching.

  4. If you are patching the ASM home directory, stop all user applications that use the ASM home directory on the group of nodes being patched.

  5. If you are patching only the Oracle RAC home directory, shut down all Oracle RAC instances in the group of nodes being patched. To shut down an instance for an Oracle RAC database, enter a command similar to the following example, where CRS_home is the home directory for your Oracle Clusterware installation, sales is the name of the database, and sales1 is the name of the instance:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl stop instance -d sales -i "sales1"
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the group of nodes being patched.

  6. If you are patching the ASM home or CRS home directory, you can use a single command to stop all the node applications on each node in the group. This command shuts down the Oracle RAC instances, the listener, the ASM instances, and the Oracle Clusterware node applications for the specified node. Use a command similar to the following, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation and docrac1 is one of the nodes in the group:

    $ CRS_home/crs/bin/srvctl stop nodeapps -n docrac1
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the group of nodes being patched.

    After you have stopped the nodeapps on each node in the group, use the crs_stat utility to verify that all the nodeapps were stopped on the group of nodes being patched.

    $ CRS_home/bin/crs_stat -t
    
  7. If you are patching the CRS home directory, shut down the CRS daemons for the nodes in the group by issuing the following command as the root user on each node in the group, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    # CRS_home/bin/crsctl stop crs
    

    Repeat this command on each node in the group of nodes being patched.

  8. Make sure the ORACLE_HOME environment variable points to the software directory you want to patch, for example:

    $ echo $ORACLE_HOME
    /opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1
    
  9. If you are patching nodes individually, use the following command to instruct OPatch to apply the patch to only the local node. If you run this command from the directory where the patch is located, you do not need to specify the patch ID.

    $ opatch apply -local
    

    If you are using a group of nodes, use a command similar to the following to instruct OPatch to apply the patch to the group of nodes being patched:

    $ opatch apply -local_node docrac1 -remote_nodes docrac2,docrac3
    
  10. If you applied the patch to the CRS home directory, restart the CRS daemons for the nodes in the first group by issuing the following command as the root user on each node in the group, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    # CRS_home/bin/crsctl start crs
    

    Repeat this command on each node in the group.

  11. If you stopped the nodeapps for the group of nodes, after the patch has been applied, restart the nodeapps on those nodes. To start the nodeapps, enter a command similar to the following where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation and docrac1 is one of the nodes in the group of nodes you recently patched:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n docrac1
     
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the group.

  12. After you have restarted the nodeapps on each node in the group, use the crs_stat utility to verify that the nodeapps were restarted on each node in the group.

    $ CRS_home/bin/crs_stat -t
    

    If any of the node applications did not restart, use the SRVCTL utility to restart them. For example, you can use the following command to restart the sales1 instance for the sales cluster database:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start instance -d sales -i "sales1"
     
    
  13. Restart all single-instance databases that use the ASM software and all user applications that use the Oracle home or ASM home on each node in the group of nodes you recently patched.

  14. Repeat Step 2 through Step 8 for the next group of nodes.

  15. If you are patching nodes individually, use a command similar to the following to instruct OPatch to apply the patch to only the next node to be patched. If you run this command from the directory where the patch is located, you do not need to specify the patch ID.

    $ opatch apply -remote_nodes docrac2
    

    If you are patching a group of nodes, use a command similar to the following to instruct OPatch to apply the patch to the group of nodes being patched:

    $ opatch apply -remote_nodes docrac4,docrac5,docrac6
    
  16. If you applied the patch to the CRS home directory, restart the CRS daemons for the nodes in the group you recently patched by issuing the following command as the root user on each node in the group, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    # CRS_home/bin/crsctl start crs
    

    Repeat this command on each node in the group.

  17. If you stopped the nodeapps for the group of nodes, after the patch has been applied, restart the nodeapps on those nodes. To start the nodeapps, enter a command similar to the following where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation and docrac1 is one of the nodes in the group of nodes you recently patched:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start nodeapps -n docrac1
     
    

    Repeat the preceding command for each node in the group.

  18. After you have restarted the nodeapps on each node in the group, use the crs_stat utility to verify that the nodeapps were restarted on each node in the group.

    $ CRS_home/bin/crs_stat -t
    

    If any of the node applications did not restart, use the SRVCTL utility to restart them. For example, you can use the following command to restart the sales2 instance for the sales cluster database:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start instance -d sales -i "sales2"
     
    
  19. Restart all single-instance databases that use the ASM software and all user applications that use the Oracle home or ASM home on each node in the group of nodes you recently patched.

  20. If you have more than two groups of nodes to be patched, repeat Step 14 through Step 19 for each group of nodes until all the nodes in the cluster have been patched.

  21. Run any post-patch scripts that are mentioned in the patch instructions, for example:

    $ sqlplus /nolog 
    SQL> connect sys/password@sales1 AS SYSDBA
    SQL> @Oracle_home/cpu/CPUOct2007/catcpu.sql
    SQL> @Oracle_home/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
    SQL> exit
    

Minimum Downtime Patching

In minimum downtime patching, one set of nodes is shut down and the patch is applied to those nodes. After the first set of nodes has been patched, the second set of nodes is shut down. The first set of nodes is then restarted and the patch is applied to the second set of nodes. After the patch has been applied to the second set of nodes, those nodes are restarted. This method leads to less downtime for Oracle RAC, compared to having all the nodes shut down at the same time.

When you use the minimum downtime patching method, the following actions occur:

  • The local node is always patched first.

  • The local node is used as a base to patch the other nodes.

  • The user is prompted for the set of nodes to patch first from the remaining nodes.

  • For each node in this first set, the user is asked to stop the instance and then the patch is propagated to that node before continuing to the next node. When the initial set of nodes has been patched, the user is asked to shut down the remaining nodes.

  • After the local node is patched, the patch is propagated to the last set of nodes and the inventory is updated. The last instances are stopped on the remote nodes. You can then start up the patched nodes (the first set of nodes) before patching the remaining nodes.

To apply a patch to your cluster database using the minimum downtime method:

  1. Change to the directory where the unzipped patch is staged on disk, for example:

    $ cd Oracle_home/EMStagedPatches/4519934/4519934
    
  2. Stop all user applications that use the Oracle RAC home directory for the group of nodes being patched. For example, to stop Enterprise Manager Database Control on the local node, use the following command, where Oracle_home is the home directory for your Oracle RAC installation:

    $ Oracle_home/bin/emctl stop dbconsole
    
  3. Shut down all Oracle RAC instances on the local node. To shut down an instance for an Oracle RAC database, enter a command similar to the following example, where CRS_home is the home directory for your Oracle Clusterware installation, sales is the name of the database, and sales1 is the name of the instance:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl stop instance -d sales -i "sales1"
    
  4. Make sure the ORACLE_HOME environment variable points to the software directory you want to patch, for example:

    $ echo $ORACLE_HOME
    /opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1
    
  5. Use the following command from within the patch directory:

    $ opatch apply -minimize_downtime
    

    If you run the OPatch command from the directory where the patch is staged on disk, you do not need to specify the patch ID.

    OPatch asks if you are ready to patch the local node. After you confirm that the Oracle RAC instances on the local node have been shut down, OPatch applies the patch to the Oracle home directory on the local node. You are then asked to select the next nodes to be patched.

  6. After you shut down the Oracle RAC instances on the other nodes in the cluster, you can restart the Oracle RAC instance on the local node. Then, instruct OPatch that you are ready to patch the remaining nodes.

  7. After all the nodes have been patched, restart the Oracle RAC instances on the other nodes in the cluster. The following command shows how to start the sales2 instance for the Oracle RAC database named sales:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start instance -d sales -i "sales1"
     
    
  8. Verify that all the nodeapps were restarted on the nodes in the cluster.

    $ crs_stat -t
    

    If any of the node applications did not restart, use the SRVCTL utility to restart them. For example, you can use commands similar the following to restart the listener on the docrac1 node, where CRS_home is the home directory of your Oracle Clusterware installation:

    $ CRS_home/bin/srvctl start listener -n docrac1
     
    
  9. Run any post-patch scripts that are mentioned in the patch instructions, for example:

    $ sqlplus /nolog 
    SQL> connect sys/password@sales1 AS SYSDBA
    SQL> @Oracle_home/cpu/CPUOct2007/catcpu.sql
    SQL> @Oracle_home/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
    SQL> exit
    

Applying Patch Sets

Patch sets are a mechanism for delivering fully tested and integrated product fixes. All the fixes in a patch set have been tested and are certified to work with each other. Because a patch set includes only low impact patches, it does not require you to certify applications or tools against the server.

For instructions on applying the latest patch set to your Oracle RAC database and Oracle Clusterware installations on Red Hat Linux, search for "Oracle 11g release 1(11.1) Support Status and Alerts" documentation on the OracleMetaLink Web site.

This document provides a summary of the patch sets available for Oracle 11g Release 1. Using this document, you can easily locate and view the Patch Set Notes for your platform. The Oracle Database Patch Set Notes document contains the following information:

To locate the Patchset notes on OracleMetaLink:

  1. Log in to OracleMetaLink.

  2. Select the Patches & Updates tab.

  3. Select Quick Links to the Latest Patchsets, Mini Packs, and Maintenance Packs.

  4. Under the heading Latest Oracle Server/Tools Patchsets, select Oracle Database.

    A list of operating systems appears.

  5. Place your cursor over the entry that matches your operating system, or use the triangular arrows to search for your operating system.

    When you place the cursor over the entry for your operating system, for example, Linux x86, a list of database versions appears.

  6. Select 11.1.0

    The Advanced Search page appears.

  7. Scroll to the bottom of this page to see the list of available patchsets.

  8. Select the number in the Patch column for the patchset you want to view or download.

    The Patchset description and download page appears.

  9. Click View Readme to see the patchset notes.

    On this page you can also click Download to download the patch to your computer.

Troubleshooting Patch Deployment

This section covers the following topics regarding troubleshooting patch deployment:

If you have problems applying a patch to your Oracle RAC database, review these solutions to common problems. If the problem you encountered is not listed, review the log and trace files.

Updating the Node List for OPatch

If OPatch does not automatically detect Oracle RAC or its nodes, investigate the contents of the inventory and ensure they are complete.

To update the node list for OPatch:

If the list of nodes for your cluster is not complete, you can update it by using Oracle Universal Installer and the -updateNodeList flag, as demonstrated in the following example:

Oracle_home/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList 
ORACLE_ HOME=/opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1 
CLUSTER_NODES=docrac1,docrac2,docrac3 -noClusterEnabled

See Also:

About OPatch Log and Trace Files

Logging and tracing is a common aid for debugging. OPatch maintains logs for all apply, rollback, and lsinventory operations. The log files are located in the Oracle_home/cfgtoollogs/opatch directory. Each log file will be tagged with the time stamp of the operation. Log files are named as opatch_mm-dd-yyyy_hh-mm-ss.log, where mm-dd-yyyy is the current date and hh-mm-ss is the current time. Each time you run OPatch, a new log file is created.

For example, if a log file is created on May 17, 2007 at 11:55 PM, then it will be named as follows:

opatch_05-17-2007_23-55-00.log

OPatch also maintains an index of the commands processed by OPatch and the log files associated with it in the history.txt file located in the Oracle_home/cfgtoollogs/opatch directory. A sample of the history.txt file is as follows:

Date & Time : Tue Apr 26 23:00:55 PDT 2007
Oracle Home : /opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1/
OPatch Ver. : 11.1.0.0.0
Current Dir : /scratch/oui/OPatch
Command     : lsinventory
Log File    : 
/opt/oracle/11gR1/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch-2007_Apr_26_23-00-55-PDT_Tue.log

Resolving the "Not a valid patch area" Error

You might get this error if the directory that the OPatch utility is using to do the patch does not match the template for what it is checking, or if the OPatch utility is run from an invalid directory.

The Patch_Shiphome directory should have the following structure:

  • An etc directory that has the metadata files

  • A files directory that has the patch files

  • The etc/config/inventory file and the actions file under the same directory

To resolve the "Not a valid patch area" error:

  • Perform one of the following actions:

    1. Remove the patch shiphome directory and re-create it with the proper structure (by extracting the files again).

    2. Start the OPatch utility from the directory where the patch to be installed has been unzipped and staged on disk.

    3. Use the following command when starting OPatch:

      opatch apply /Patch_Shiphome
      

      where Patch_Shiphome is the location where the patch has been staged on disk.

Resolving the "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" Error

If the patching process is interrupted, you might get the error "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" when you try to install the patch a second time.

To resolve the partially installed patch error:

  1. Ensure that the environment variable ORACLE_HOME is set to the Oracle home directory you are attempting to patch.

  2. Go to the Oracle_home/.patch_storage/patch-id_timestamp directory and run the restore command as follows:

    Oracle_home/.patch_storage/patch-id_timestamp/restore.sh
    
  3. Use the Oracle_home/.patch_storage/patch-id_timestamp/make.txt file (if available) to modify your operating system environment, as follows:

    /bin/sh make.txt
    
  4. Attempt to apply the patch again.