| Oracle® Real Application Clusters Installation Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) for Linux and UNIX Part Number B28264-01 |
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View PDF |
| Oracle® Real Application Clusters Installation Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) for Linux and UNIX Part Number B28264-01 |
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View PDF |
This section describes Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1) features as they pertain to the installation and configuration of Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) The topics in this section are:
With Oracle Database 11g release 1, Oracle Clusterware can be installed or configured as an independent product, and additional documentation is provided on storage administration. For installation planning, note the following documentation:
This book provides an overview and examples of the procedures to install and configure a two-node Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC environment.
This platform-specific book provides procedures either to install Oracle Clusterware as a standalone product, or to install Oracle Clusterware with either Oracle Database, or Oracle RAC. It contains system configuration instructions that require system administrator privileges.
This book (the guide that you are reading) provides procedures to install Oracle RAC after you have completed successfully an Oracle Clusterware installation. It contains database configuration instructions for database administrators.
This book provides information for database and storage administrators who administer and manage storage, or who configure and administer Automatic Storage Management (ASM).
This is the administrator's reference for Oracle Clusterware. It contains information about administrative tasks, including those that involve changes to operating system configurations, and cloning Oracle Clusterware.
This is the administrator's reference for Oracle RAC. It contains information about administrative tasks. These tasks include database cloning, node addition and deletion, Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) administration, use of SRVCTL and other database administration utilities, and tuning changes to operating system configurations.
The following are installation option changes for Oracle Database 11g:
Oracle Application Express: This feature is installed with Oracle Database 11g. It was previously named HTML DB, and was available as a separate Companion CD component.
Oracle Configuration Manager: Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM) is integrated with Oracle Universal Installer. However, it is an optional component with database and client installations. Oracle Configuration Manager, used in previous releases as Customer Configuration Repository (CCR), is a tool that gathers and stores details relating to the configuration of the software stored in the ASM and database Oracle home directories.
Refer to Oracle Configuration Manager for Improved Support in New Components Available for Installation in this chapter for further information.
Oracle Data Mining: The Enterprise Edition installation type selects Oracle Database Mining option by default. In Oracle Database 11g, the Data Mining metadata is created with SYS metadata when you select the Create Database option.
Oracle Database Vault: This feature is integrated with Oracle Universal Installer. However, it is an optional component for database installation. To install this product, you have to select Custom installation.
Oracle SQL Developer: This feature is installed by default with template-based database installations, such as General Purpose, Transaction Processing, and Data Warehousing. It is also installed with database client Administrator, Runtime, and Custom installations.
Oracle Warehouse Builder: This information integration tool is now installed with both Standard and Enterprise Edition versions of the Oracle Database. With Enterprise Edition, you can purchase additional extension processes. Installing the Oracle Database also installs a pre-seeded repository, OWBSYS, necessary for using Oracle Warehouse Builder.
Oracle Ultra Search: Starting with Oracle Database 11g, Oracle Ultra Search is integrated with Oracle Database. In the previous releases, this product was available as a Companion CD component.
Oracle XML DB: Starting with Oracle Database 11g, Oracle XML DB is no longer an optional feature. It is installed and configured using Database Configuration Assistant for all database installations.
The following are the new components available while installing Oracle Database 11g:
Oracle Application Express: Starting Oracle Database 11g, HTML DB is no longer available as a Companion CD component. Renamed as Oracle Application Express, this component is installed with Oracle Database 11g.
With Oracle Database 11g, Oracle Application Express replaces iSQL*Plus.
See Also:
Oracle Database Application Express User's Guide for more information about Oracle Application ExpressOracle Configuration Manager: This feature is offered during custom installation. It was previously named Customer Configuration repository (CCR). It is an optional component for database and client installations. Oracle Configuration Manager gathers and stores details relating to the configuration of the software stored in database Oracle home directories.
Oracle Database Vault: This feature is an optional component for database installation.
See Also:
Oracle Database Vault Administrator's Guide for more information about Oracle Database VaultOracle Real Application Testing: This feature is installed by default with the Enterprise Edition installation type of Oracle Database 11g.
See Also:
Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide for more information about Oracle Real Application TestingOracle SQL Developer: This feature is installed by default with template-based database installations, such as General Purpose, Transaction Processing, and Data Warehousing. It is also installed with database client Administrator, Runtime, and Custom installations.
See Also:
Oracle Database SQL Developer User's Guide for more information about Oracle SQL DeveloperOracle Warehouse Builder: This feature is now included as an option in the Database installation.
Note:
With Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition versions of Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1), Oracle Warehouse Builder with basic features is installed. However, with Enterprise Edition, you can purchase options that extend Oracle Warehouse Builder.See Also:
Oracle Warehouse Builder User's Guide for more information about Oracle Warehouse BuilderThe following is a list of enhancements and new features for Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1):
The Automatic Diagnostic Repository is a feature added to Oracle Database 11g. The main objective of this feature is to reduce the time required to resolve bugs. Automatic Diagnostic Repository is the layer of the Diagnostic Framework implemented in Oracle Database 11g that stores diagnostic data and also provides service APIs to access data. The default directory that stores the diagnostic data is $ORACLE_BASE/diag.
The Automatic Diagnostic Repository implements the following:
Diagnostic data for all Oracle products is written into an on-disk repository.
Interfaces that provide easy navigation of the repository, and the capability to read and write data
For Oracle RAC installations, if you use a shared Oracle Database home, then the Automatic Data Repository must be located on a shared storage location available to all the nodes.
Oracle Clusterware continues to place diagnostic data in the directory CRS_home/log, where CRS_home is the Oracle Clusterware home.
ASM fast mirror resync quickly resynchronizes ASM disks within a disk group after transient disk path failures as long as the disk drive media is not corrupted. Any failures that render a failure group temporarily unavailable are considered transient failures. Disk path malfunctions, such as cable disconnections, host bus adapter or controller failures, or disk power supply interruptions, can cause transient failures. The duration of a fast mirror resync depends on the duration of the outage. The duration of a resynchronization is typically much shorter than the amount of time required to completely rebuild an entire ASM disk group.
See Also:
Oracle Database Storage Administrator's GuideDatabase Configuration Assistant (DBCA), Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA), and Oracle Net Configuration Assistant (NETCA) have been improved. These improvements include the following:
Provides a command line feature, deleteASM, which removes ASM instances.
Provides the option to switch from a database configured for Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control to Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control.
Includes an improved pre-upgrade script to provide space estimation, initialization parameters, statistics gathering, and new warnings. DBUA also provides upgrades from Oracle Database releases 9.0, 9.2, 10.1, and 10.2.
Supports in-place patch set upgrades
Starts any services running prior to upgrades
This feature introduces a new SYSASM privilege that is specifically intended for performing ASM administration tasks. Using the SYSASM privilege instead of the SYSDBA privilege provides a clearer division of responsibility between ASM administration and database administration.
OSASM is a new operating system group that is used exclusively for ASM. Members of the OSASM group can connect as SYSASM using operating system authentication and have full access to ASM.
In previous releases, ASM used the disk with the primary copy of a mirrored extent as the preferred disk for data reads. With this release, using the new initialization file parameter asm_preferred_read_failure_groups, you can specify disks located near a specific cluster node as the preferred disks from which that node obtains mirrored data. This option is presented in Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA), and can be configured after installation. This change facilitates faster processing of data with widely distributed shared storage systems or with extended clusters (clusters whose nodes are geographically dispersed), and improves disaster recovery preparedness.
Rolling migration for ASM enables you to upgrade or patch ASM instances on clustered ASM nodes without affecting database availability. Rolling migration provides greater availability and more graceful migration of ASM software from one release to the next. This feature applies to ASM configurations that run on Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1) and later. In other words, you must already have Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1) installed before you can perform rolling migrations.
Note:
You cannot change the owner of the Oracle ASM or Oracle Database home during an upgrade. You must use the same Oracle software owner that owns the existing Oracle ASM or Oracle Database home.See Also:
Oracle Database Storage Administrator's GuideUsing either rconfig or Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control, you can convert an existing ASM instance from a single-instance storage manager to a cluster storage manager. You can convert ASM release 11.1 instances directly, and convert releases previous to 11.1 by upgrading the instance to 11.1, and then performing the conversion.
In Oracle Database 11g, the data mining schema is created when you run the SQL script catproc.sql as the SYS user. Therefore, the data mining option is removed from the Database Features screen of Database Configuration Assistant.
Oracle Disk Manager (ODM) can manage network file systems (NFS) on its own, without using the operating system kernel NFS driver. This is referred to as Direct NFS. Direct NFS implements NFS version 3 protocol within the Oracle RDBMS kernel. This change enables monitoring of NFS status using the ODM interface. The Oracle RDBMS kernel driver tunes itself to obtain optimal use of available resources.
This feature provides the following:
Ease of tuning, and diagnosability, by providing the Oracle kernel control over the input-output paths to Network File Server, and avoiding the need to tune network performance at the operating system level.
A highly stable, highly optimized NFS client for database operations.
Use of the Oracle network file system layer for user tasks, reserving the operating system kernel network file system layer for network communication.
Use of the Oracle buffer cache, rather than the file system cache, for simpler tuning.
A common, consistent NFS interface, capable for use across Linux, UNIX and Windows platforms.
Oracle RAC-aware NFS performance. With operating system NFS drivers, even though NFS is a shared file system, NFS drives have to be mounted with the option noac (NO Attribute Caching) to prevent the operating system NFS driver from optimizing the filesystem cache by keeping file attributes locally. ODM NFS automatically recognizes Oracle RAC instances, and performs appropriate operations for datafiles without requiring additional reconfiguration from users, system administrators, or DBAs. If you store the Oracle Clusterware voting disks or Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) files on NFS, then they continue to require mounting with the noac option.
With the development of Stripe and Mirror Everything architecture (SAME), and improved storage and throughput capacity for storage devices, the original OFA mission to enhance performance has shifted to its role of providing well-organized Oracle installations with separated software, configuration files and data. This separation enhances security, and simplifies upgrade, cloning, and other administrative tasks.
Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1) incorporates several changes to OFA to address this changed purpose.
As part of this change:
During Oracle RAC installation, you are prompted to accept the default, or select a location for the Oracle base directory, instead of the Oracle home directory. This change facilitates installation of more than one Oracle home directory in a common location, and separates software units for simplified administration. For this release, you are not required to use Oracle base, but this may become a requirement in a future release.
With this release, as part of the implementation of Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR), the following admin directories are changed:
bdump (location set by the background_dump_dest initialization parameter; storage of Oracle background process trace files)
cdump (location set by the core_dump_dest initialization parameter; storage of Oracle core dump files)
udump (location set by the user_dump_dest initialization parameter; storage of Oracle user SQL trace files)
By default, the location of these trace and core files is in the /diag directory, which is in the path $ORACLE_BASE/diag.
The initialization parameters BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST and USER_DUMP_DEST are deprecated. They continue to be set, but you should not set these parameters manually.
A new initialization parameter is introduced. DIAGNOSTIC_DEST contains the location of "ADR base," which is the base directory under which one or more Automatic Database Repository homes are kept. Oracle documentation commonly refers to these homes as ADR homes. Each database instance has an ADR home, which is the root directory for a number of other directories that contain trace files, the alert log, health monitor reports, and dumps for critical errors. You can also view alert and trace files with the SQL statement select name, value from v$diag_info.
The default Flash Recovery area is moved from $ORACLE_HOME/../flash_recovery_area to $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area.
The default data file location is moved from $ORACLE_HOME/../oradata to $ORACLE_BASE/oradata.
A new utility, The ADR Command Interpreter (ADRCI), is introduced. The ADRCI facilitates reviewing alert log and trace files.
For Oracle RAC installations, Oracle requires that the flash recovery area and the data file location are on a location shared among all the nodes. The Oracle Universal Installer confirms that this is the case during installation.
This change does not affect the location of trace files for Oracle Clusterware.
See Also:
Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for detailed information about these changes, and Oracle Database Utilities for information about viewing alert log and list trace files with ADRCIDuring custom installation, you are asked if you want to install Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM). OCM is an optional tool that enables you to associate your configuration information with your OracleMetaLink account. This can facilitate handling of service requests by ensuring that server system information is readily available.
Configuring the OCM tool requires that you have the following information from your service agreement:
Customer Identification Number (CSI)
OracleMetaLink user account name
Country Code
In addition, you are prompted for server proxy information, if the host system does not have a direct connection to the Internet.
Large data file support is an automated feature that enables Oracle to support larger files on ASM more efficiently, and to increase the maximum file size.
See Also:
Oracle Database Storage Administrator's GuideIn previous releases, Database Configuration Assistant contains the functionality to configure databases while creating them either with Database Control or with Grid Control, or to reconfigure databases after creation. However, if you want to change the configuration from Database to Grid control, this requires significant work. With Oracle Database 11g, Database Configuration Assistant enables you to switch configuration of a database from Database Control to Grid Control by running the Oracle Enterprise Manager Configuration Plug-in.
The following components that were part of Oracle Database 10g release 2 (10.2) are not available for installation with Oracle Database 11g:
iSQL*Plus
Oracle Workflow
Data Mining Scoring Engine
Oracle Enterprise Manager Java console
