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Oracle® Database Backup and Recovery Reference
10g Release 2 (10.2)

Part Number B14194-02
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SHUTDOWN

Syntax

shutdown::=

Description of shutdown.gif follows
Description of the illustration shutdown.gif

Purpose

To shut down the target database without exiting RMAN. This command is equivalent to using the SQL*Plus SHUTDOWN statement.


See Also:

Oracle Database Administrator's Guide for information on how to start up and shut down a database, and SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference for SHUTDOWN syntax

Restrictions and Usage Notes

Keywords and Parameters

Syntax Element Description
ABORT Shuts down the target instance, with the following consequences:
  • All current client SQL statements are immediately terminated.

  • Uncommitted transactions are not rolled back until next startup.

  • All connected users are disconnected.

  • Crash recovery will be performed on the database at next startup.

IMMEDIATE Shuts down the target database immediately, with the following consequences:
  • Current client SQL statements being processed by the database are allowed to complete.

  • Uncommitted transactions are rolled back.

  • All connected users are disconnected.

NORMAL Shuts down the database with normal priority (default option), which means:
  • No new connections are allowed after the statement is issued.

  • Before shutting down, the database waits for currently connected users to disconnect

  • The next startup of the database will not require instance recovery.

TRANSACTIONAL Shuts down the target database while minimizing interruption to clients, with the following consequences:
  • Clients currently conducting transactions are allowed to complete, that is, either commit or terminate before shutdown.

  • No client can start a new transaction on this instance; any client attempting to start a new transaction is disconnected.

  • After all transactions have either committed or terminated, any client still connected is disconnected.


Examples

Shutting Down a Database by Using the Immediate Option: Example This example waits for current SQL transactions to be processed before shutting down, then mounts the database:

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;

Shutting Down a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode: Example This example backs up a database running in NOARCHIVELOG mode:

STARTUP FORCE DBA;
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
# executing the preceding commands ensures that database is in proper state 
# for NOARCHIVELOG backups
BACKUP COPIES 2 DATABASE;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;